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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Use of Rabbit Eyes in Pharmacokinetic Studies of Intraocular Drugs
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Intraoperative Iris Behavior during Phacoemulsification Maneuvers in Rabbits Treated with Selective α1-Blocker,

Karin Ursula Horvath1, Florina Vultur1, Septimiu Voidazan2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, 540139 Tirgu Mures, Romania.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Medications like tamsulosin (alpha-blocker), finasteride (5-alpha reductase inhibitor), and lorazepam (anxiolytic) can alter iris behavior during cataract surgery, potentially increasing risks of intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS).

Keywords:
5α-reductase inhibitorsanxiolyticscataractfloppy irisα-blockers

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) is a complication during cataract surgery.
  • Certain systemic medications are suspected to contribute to IFIS.
  • A rabbit model allows for controlled investigation of drug effects on iris dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between alpha-blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, anxiolytics, and IFIS.
  • To investigate the impact of tamsulosin, finasteride, and lorazepam on intraoperative iris behavior in a rabbit model.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective experimental study involving 31 Metis rabbits.
  • Animals were divided into four groups: tamsulosin, finasteride, lorazepam, and control.
  • Medications were administered for 43 days; phacoemulsification was performed by a blinded surgeon, and iris billowing was graded.

Main Results:

  • Tamsulosin, finasteride, and lorazepam groups showed higher incidences of iris billowing compared to the control group.
  • Increased iris billowing was observed in rabbits treated with tamsulosin (OR = 8.33), finasteride (OR = 11.6), and lorazepam (OR = 7.5).
  • Statistical significance was approached but not definitively reached (p values between 0.11 and 0.24).

Conclusions:

  • Systemic administration of alpha-blocker (tamsulosin), 5-alpha reductase inhibitor (finasteride), or anxiolytic (lorazepam) can induce altered intraoperative iris behavior.
  • These findings support the hypothesis that systemic medications influence surgical parameters in cataract surgery.
  • The study provides a basis for further clinical and experimental research on medication-induced IFIS.