Bioinks and biofabrication techniques for biosensors development: A review

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Materials Science
• Sensor Technology

Background:

• 3D bioprinting and bioink innovation are driving progress in miniaturized and integrated biosensors.
• Biocompatible, flexible biosensors are crucial for wearable applications and enhanced signal amplification through 3D porous structures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advanced bioinks and bioprinting technologies for next-generation biosensor development.
• To analyze bioprinting methods (inkjet, extrusion, laser-based) and their impact on biosensor fabrication.
• To explore properties and types of advanced bioinks, including multicomponent, stimuli-responsive, and conductive formulations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of bioprinting technologies and bioink development for biosensors.
• Analysis of advantages and limitations of various bioprinting methods.
• Exploration of advanced bioink properties like biocompatibility, printability, and stability.

Main Results:

• 3D bioprinting enables high-performance, reproducible, and flexible analytical devices.
• Bioink formulation is critical for bio-functionality, influencing porosity, receptor affinity, and overall device performance.
• Various bioprinting techniques offer distinct advantages and limitations for biosensor fabrication.

Conclusions:

• The synergy between bioink formulation and bioprinting methods is paramount for developing high-performance analytical biosensors.
• Future research should focus on novel bioinks and bioprinting strategies to address emerging challenges and opportunities.
• Continued advancements promise to accelerate the translation of sophisticated biosensor technologies.