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Health Behavior Change Interventions Using Mobile Phones: A Meta-Analysis.
Stephanie K Van Stee1, Qinghua Yang2, Maureen Falcone3
1Department of Communication & Media, University of Missouri - St. Louis.
Health Communication
|August 29, 2024
Summary
Mobile health interventions using phones significantly improve health behaviors compared to control groups. The Theory of Planned Behavior offers insights, particularly perceived behavioral control, into their effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- Behavioral Science
- Health Interventions
Background:
- Mobile phones offer technological capabilities for delivering health interventions.
- Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind mobile health intervention effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the comparative effectiveness of mobile phone-based health interventions.
- To evaluate the utility of the Theory of Planned Behavior in these interventions.
- To identify moderators influencing intervention outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analysis of 118 studies meeting inclusion criteria.
- Comparison of mobile health interventions against control/comparison groups (e.g., eHealth, standard care).
- Statistical analysis to determine overall effect size and identify significant moderators.
Main Results:
- Mobile phone-based health interventions showed a significant overall effect size of d = 0.27 (95% CI [.22, .32]).
- These interventions were significantly more effective than control conditions in improving health behaviors.
- Perceived behavioral control emerged as a significant moderator, supporting the Theory of Planned Behavior.
Conclusions:
- Mobile phone-based health interventions are effective tools for behavior change.
- The Theory of Planned Behavior provides a useful framework for understanding intervention success.
- Future research should explore specific mechanisms and optimize intervention design.
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