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McNemar's Test

McNemar's Test

McNemar's Test is a nonparametric statistical test used to determine if there is a significant difference in proportions between two related groups when the outcome is binary (e.g., yes/no, success/failure). It is beneficial when we have paired data, such as pre-test/post-test designs, where the same subjects are measured under two different conditions. The test is named after the statistician Quinn McNemar, who introduced it in 1947. It is commonly used in situations where subjects are...

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The multilingual digits-in-noise (DIN) test: development and evaluation.

Marcin Masalski^1,2, Krzysztof Morawski³

¹Department and Clinic of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.

International Journal of Audiology

|August 29, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new digits-in-noise test was optimized for 17 languages on Android devices, improving speech clarity measurements. This hearing test provides reliable speech reception thresholds across diverse linguistic groups.

Keywords:

Digits-in-noise test digit triplet test hearing test mobile audiometry speech audiometry

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Area of Science:

Audiology
Speech-Language Pathology
Mobile Health Technology

Background:

Assessing speech understanding in noise is crucial for hearing health.
Existing digital hearing tests may lack multilingual standardization.
The Hearing Test™ app offers a platform for accessible audiological assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a methodologically uniform digits-in-noise (DIN) test adaptable to 17 languages.
To optimize the DIN test for accuracy and reliability using real-world user data.
To establish normative speech reception thresholds (SRTs) for various languages.

Main Methods:

Developed an adaptive DIN test for Android, integrated into the Hearing Test™ app.
Utilized professionally recorded speech, speech-shaped noise, and a variable step-size algorithm.
Optimized the test using data from 35,534 ears and evaluated it with 6,012 ears.

Main Results:

Optimization enhanced psychometric function slopes by an average of 6.8%/dB across all languages.
Established normative SRTs, ranging from -14.2 dB SNR (Chinese) to -11.2 dB SNR (Japanese).
Test-retest reliability estimates varied from 0.48 dB (Portuguese) to 0.91 dB (Romanian).

Conclusions:

The optimized DIN test demonstrates improved accuracy and reliability for speech-in-noise assessment.
Normative data align with existing literature, validating the test's effectiveness.
This multilingual DIN test provides a standardized tool for hearing healthcare professionals and researchers.