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Related Concept Videos

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael acceptor.
Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...

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Related Experiment Video

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High performance poly(lactic acid)/poly(ether-block-amide) blend-based bionanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes

Kartik Behera1, Bikash Mishra1, Mithilesh Yadav2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, ROC.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study developed high-performance bionanocomposites from poly(lactic acid) and poly(ether-block-amide) blends. Adding carbon nanotubes and organoclay significantly improved mechanical properties, thermal stability, and reduced flammability.

Keywords:
Anti-drippingBlendDuctilityNanocompositePoly(lactic acid)Toughness

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) exhibits desirable properties but suffers from brittleness and flammability.
  • Poly(ether-block-amide) (PEBA) can be blended with PLA to enhance its properties.
  • Compatibilizers are crucial for improving the interaction between immiscible polymer blends like PLA and PEBA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate high-performance bionanocomposites using PLA/PEBA blends.
  • To investigate the effects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and organoclay (30B) on the properties of compatibilized PLA/PEBA blends.
  • To understand the influence of selective filler localization on composite performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of PLA/PEBA blend-based composites.
  • Incorporation of a compatibilizer (ADR) to enhance PLA-PEBA interaction.
  • Addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and organoclay (30B) individually and simultaneously.
  • Characterization of morphology, mechanical properties, thermal stability, flammability, and electrical resistivity.

Main Results:

  • CNTs dispersed in PEBA domains; 30B localized at PLA/PEBA interfaces.
  • Significant improvements in PLA's ductility (up to 252%) and impact strength.
  • Enhanced thermal stability (up to 16°C increase) and reduced flammability with anti-dripping properties.
  • CNTs and 30B promoted crystallization of both PLA and PEBA, with CNTs showing higher nucleation efficiency.
  • Electrical resistivity reduced by up to six orders of magnitude with CNT addition due to network formation.

Conclusions:

  • Compatibilized PLA/PEBA bionanocomposites exhibit superior mechanical and thermal properties compared to neat PLA.
  • Selective localization of CNTs and 30B is key to property enhancement.
  • These bionanocomposites offer a promising route for developing advanced, sustainable materials with improved performance characteristics.