Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

49.8K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
49.8K
Nonconscious Mimicry01:13

Nonconscious Mimicry

4.5K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
4.5K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

5.2K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
5.2K
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

90.1K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.1K
Deindividuation00:57

Deindividuation

26.3K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
26.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neural representation of the decisional reference point in monkeys.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Orbitofrontal cortex computes gaze-dependent comparisons between attributes rather than integrated values.

PLoS biology·2025
Same author

Attention-dependent attribute comparisons underlie multi-attribute decision-making in orbitofrontal cortex.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

Multi-attribute decision-making in macaques relies on direct attribute comparisons.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2023
Same author

Abstraction of Reward Context Facilitates Relative Reward Coding in Neural Populations of the Macaque Anterior Cingulate Cortex.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience·2023
Same author

Heterogeneous value coding in orbitofrontal populations.

Behavioral neuroscience·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions
10:45

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions

Published on: July 6, 2011

11.6K

Neural populations in macaque anterior cingulate cortex encode social image identities.

Joseph Simon Iv1,2,3, Erin L Rich4,5,6

  • 1Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Nature Communications
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex gyrus (ACCg) of monkeys distinguish individual social identities, even when irrelevant to the task. This highlights the ACCg's unique sensitivity to social cues in goal-directed actions.

More Related Videos

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

8.3K
Behavioral Tasks for Examining Identity Recognition In Mice
06:58

Behavioral Tasks for Examining Identity Recognition In Mice

Published on: February 7, 2025

430

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions
10:45

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Observing Virtual Social Interactions

Published on: July 6, 2011

11.6K
Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

8.3K
Behavioral Tasks for Examining Identity Recognition In Mice
06:58

Behavioral Tasks for Examining Identity Recognition In Mice

Published on: February 7, 2025

430

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Primate Behavior

Background:

  • The anterior cingulate cortex gyrus (ACCg) is linked to prosocial behaviors and social cue reasoning.
  • Its role in encoding social information during non-social goal-directed actions remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how ACCg neurons process social information during goal-directed actions without social consequences.
  • To compare social information processing in the ACCg with the prearcuate cortex (PAC).

Main Methods:

  • Assessed neural activity in the ACCg of female rhesus monkeys during a reward localization task.
  • Presented task images including conspecifics and nonsocial stimuli.
  • Analyzed neuronal responses to identify differentiation of social identities and trial types.

Main Results:

  • ACCg neurons differentiated the identities of conspecifics, even when identity was task-irrelevant.
  • Prearcuate cortex (PAC) neurons differentiated identities in both social and nonsocial images.
  • ACCg neurons showed a slightly higher prevalence of distinguishing social from nonsocial trials compared to PAC.

Conclusions:

  • ACCg neurons exhibit unique sensitivity to social information that distinguishes individuals.
  • This neural sensitivity may underpin the ACCg's role in complex social reasoning.
  • Findings suggest a specialized function for ACCg in processing social identity during action.