[Current Use of Sodium Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure Therapy]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Nephrology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are known for their glucose-lowering effects in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
• Previous studies indicated SGLT2i reduce cardiovascular events and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in T2DM patients with cardiovascular disease or risk factors.
• A notable reduction in HF hospitalizations suggested potential benefits for HF patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in treating heart failure.
• To synthesize recent evidence on SGLT2i efficacy across different HF populations.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical trial data, including DAPA-HF, EMPEROR-Reduced, EMPEROR-Preserved, DELIVER, EMPULSE, and DICTATE-AHF.
• Analysis of SGLT2i effects on cardiovascular mortality, HF hospitalizations, and quality of life in HFrEF, HFpEF, and acute HF patients.

Main Results:

• SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrated clear clinical benefits in HFrEF patients, reducing HF hospitalizations and improving quality of life.
• Recent trials confirmed SGLT2i efficacy in HFpEF patients (EMPEROR-Preserved, DELIVER).
• Evidence also supports SGLT2i use in hospitalized acute HF patients (EMPULSE, DICTATE-AHF).

Conclusions:

• SGLT2 inhibitors are now a cornerstone therapy for heart failure, impacting treatment guidelines for both HFrEF and HFpEF.
• The evidence supports the expanded use of SGLT2 inhibitors beyond diabetes management into HF treatment.
• SGLT2 inhibitors represent a significant advancement in managing diverse forms of heart failure.