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Abstract:
Units of aminoglycosides issued from the hospital pharmacy and susceptibilities for Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were retrospectively analyzed for the years 1975-82. The use of gentamicin appears to select out for tobramycin-resistant S. marcescens and gentamicin-, tobramycin-susceptible P. aeruginosa; whereas the use of tobramycin appears to select out for gentamicin-, tobramycin-susceptible S. marcescens and gentamicin-resistant P. aeruginosa.
Insights
Aminoglycoside use influences bacterial resistance. Gentamicin selects for tobramycin-resistant Serratia marcescens, while tobramycin selects for gentamicin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Aminoglycosides are critical antibiotics for treating serious Gram-negative infections.
- Understanding antibiotic resistance patterns is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
- Hospital antibiotic usage can impact the emergence of resistant bacterial strains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To retrospectively analyze the impact of gentamicin and tobramycin usage on the susceptibility patterns of Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- To investigate potential selection pressures exerted by specific aminoglycosides on these common pathogens.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of hospital pharmacy records for aminoglycoside (gentamicin, tobramycin) issuance from 1975-1982.
- Evaluation of bacterial susceptibility data for Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa against these antibiotics during the same period.
Main Results:
- Gentamicin use was associated with an increase in tobramycin-resistant Serratia marcescens.
- Gentamicin use was associated with an increase in gentamicin- and tobramycin-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Tobramycin use was associated with an increase in gentamicin- and tobramycin-susceptible Serratia marcescens.
- Tobramycin use was associated with an increase in gentamicin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Conclusions:
- The selection of antibiotic resistance is influenced by the specific aminoglycoside prescribed.
- Different aminoglycosides exert distinct selective pressures on Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- This highlights the importance of judicious antibiotic stewardship to mitigate the development of antimicrobial resistance.