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Theory Use in Project Management Research: An Exploratory Content Analysis Approach.

Erastus Karanja1, Jigish Zaveri2, Angela K Miles1

  • 1School of Business, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA.

Evaluation Review
|September 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Project Management (PM) research increasingly uses theories, with game, fuzzy, agency, contingency, and stakeholder theories being most common. PM also borrows theories from other fields like psychology and economics.

Keywords:
content analysisexploratory researchliterature reviewproject managementtheoretical orientationtheory

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Area of Science:

  • Project Management (PM) as an academic discipline.
  • Theory application and development in scientific research.

Background:

  • Project Management (PM) is a relatively new academic discipline.
  • The use of theories is crucial for a discipline's growth, maturity, and influence.
  • Existing PM research often lacks a strong theoretical foundation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and trends of theory use in Project Management (PM) research.
  • To identify dominant theories employed in PM studies.
  • To understand the extent to which PM develops its own theories versus borrowing from other disciplines.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic content analysis of 9,200 PM research articles.
  • Articles were published in leading PM journals between 2000 and 2019 (20 years).
  • Identification and categorization of unique theories cited in the research.

Main Results:

  • A total of 248 unique theories were identified in the analyzed PM research.
  • The use of theories in PM research shows an increasing trend over the study period.
  • Dominant theories include game theory, fuzzy theory, agency theory, contingency theory, and stakeholder theory.
  • PM researchers frequently utilize theories borrowed from psychology, sociology, mathematics, and economics.

Conclusions:

  • The Project Management (PM) discipline is actively and increasingly integrating theoretical frameworks into its research.
  • While PM is developing its own theoretical base, it heavily relies on established theories from other disciplines.
  • This reliance on interdisciplinary theories contributes to the maturity and legitimacy of PM as an academic field.