Genetic structure and selective sweeps in Kirghiz sheep using SNP50K bead chip

Area of Science:

• Genomics
• Animal Genetics
• Evolutionary Biology

Background:

• Sheep populations exhibit diverse environmental adaptations.
• Kirghiz sheep are uniquely adapted to extreme high-altitude environments.
• Understanding genetic basis of adaptation is vital for conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

• Identify genetic selection signals in sheep populations.
• Isolate genes responsible for environmental adaptations in sheep.
• Analyze genetic adaptations in Kirghiz sheep.

Main Methods:

• Genotyping of four sheep breeds using Illumina Ovine SNP50K chip.
• Analysis of selection signals using Fst, PI analysis, and haplotype scanning.
• Gene annotation and pathway enrichment analyses (GO, KEGG).

Main Results:

• Identified the PDGFD gene and its vicinity affecting fat deposition in sheep tails.
• Uncovered genes linked to high-altitude adaptation, growth, and reproduction.
• Revealed pathways like negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation and xenobiotic metabolism.

Conclusions:

• The study provides insights into genetic adaptations of Kirghiz sheep.
• Identified candidate genes and pathways for environmental adaptation.
• Offers theoretical support for conservation and genetic enhancement of Kirghiz sheep germplasm.