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Human lambda light-chain constant region gene CMor lambda: the primary structure of lambda VI Bence Jones protein

B Frangione, T Moloshok, F Prelli

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    The constant (C) region of human lambda light chains exhibits genetic polymorphism, with distinct sequences identified in lambda chains Sut and Mor. These variations provide further evidence for the diverse human C lambda genome.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunogenetics
    • Protein Chemistry
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Human kappa light chains have a single gene for their constant (C) region, unlike lambda chains which are encoded by multiple genes.
    • Previous serologic, structural, and genetic analyses indicate complexity in the lambda light chain C region genome.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the complete C region amino acid sequence of two monoclonal lambda VI light chains, Bence Jones proteins Sut and Mor.
    • To investigate the polymorphism within the human C lambda genome through sequence analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Amino acid sequencing of the C region of lambda light chains Sut and Mor.
    • Comparison of determined sequences with known C lambda isotypes and genetic loci.

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    Main Results:

    • The C region of lambda chains Sut and Mor comprises 105 residues, with 102 identical sequences between them.
    • Protein Sut's C region sequence aligns with the C lambda 3 (Kern-, Oz+) gene.
    • Protein Mor exhibits three amino acid differences compared to Sut, distinguishing it from C lambda 1, C lambda 2, and C lambda 3 genes.

    Conclusions:

    • The identified amino acid substitutions in protein Mor confirm polymorphism in the human C lambda genome.
    • The gene encoding the C region sequence of lambda chain Mor is designated CMor lambda, highlighting genetic diversity.