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Caspase 3 Expression Profiles in Meningioma Subtypes Based on Tissue Microarray Analysis.

Dimitrios Roukas1, Evangelos Tsiambas2,3, Despoina Spyropoulou4

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, 417 Veterans Army (NIMTS) Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis
|September 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Low caspase 3 protein expression in meningiomas correlates with tumor grade and mitotic activity. Enhancing caspase 3 activity may offer new therapeutic strategies for these common brain tumors.

Keywords:
Meningiomaapoptosiscaspaseimmunohistochemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Molecular pathology
  • Cancer biology

Background:

  • Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors in adults globally.
  • Apoptotic pathway dysregulation in malignancies, including meningiomas, is linked to chemoresistance and poor prognosis.
  • Caspases are key proteins mediating programmed cell death (apoptosis).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between caspase 3 protein expression levels and the clinicopathological features of meningiomas.
  • To analyze the relationship between caspase 3 expression and tumor grade, mitotic index, and histopathological subtype.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 50 meningioma lesions across various histopathological subtypes.
  • Immunohistochemistry using an anti-caspase 3 antibody on tissue microarray cores.
  • Image analysis of immunostained slides to quantify caspase 3 expression.

Main Results:

  • Caspase 3 over-expression was observed in 34% (17/50) of cases; 66% showed medium to low levels.
  • Caspase 3 expression significantly correlated with tumor grade (p=0.002) and mitotic index (p=0.001).
  • A significant correlation was also found between caspase 3 expression status and meningioma histotype (p=0.016).

Conclusions:

  • Low caspase 3 expression in a substantial subset of meningiomas is associated with differentiation grade, mitotic activity, and specific histotypes.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting agents that enhance caspase 3 expression and apoptotic activity hold promise for novel oncology treatments.