Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

5.0K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.0K
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

63.4K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
63.4K
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

21.1K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
21.1K
The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

6.2K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
6.2K
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

8.9K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
8.9K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

8.5K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Coexistence of papulonecrotic tuberculid and Poncet's disease: A case report of dual tuberculin hypersensitivity reactions and literature review.

Medicine·2026
Same author

Autoimmune diseases and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A Mendelian randomization study.

Medicine·2025
Same author

Dual-Mode Radiosensitization of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via SOCS6-Loaded Virus-Inspired Manganese-Bismuth Bimetallic Oxide Nanoparticles.

Advanced healthcare materials·2025
Same author

Jianpi-Tiaoqi decoction inhibits tumour proliferation and lung metastasis in tumour-bearing mice with triple-negative breast cancer.

Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology·2024
Same author

MSC Senescence-Related Genes Are Associated with Myeloma Prognosis and Lipid Metabolism-Mediated Resistance to Proteasome Inhibitors.

Journal of oncology·2022
Same author

The analgesic effects of β-elemene in rats with neuropathic pain by inhibition of spinal astrocytic ERK activation.

Molecular pain·2022
Same journal

Development and Validation of a Pathomics Model for Prognosis Prediction in Neoadjuvant Therapy-Treated Breast Cancer: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study.

MedComm·2026
Same journal

Cancer Heterogeneity and Cancer Cell Plasticity: Molecular Mechanisms and Precision Therapy.

MedComm·2026
Same journal

Osimertinib Resistance in EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.

MedComm·2026
Same journal

Epilepsy: Epidemiology, Molecular Pathogenesis, and Clinical Management.

MedComm·2026
Same journal

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: From Pathogenesis to Treatment.

MedComm·2026
Same journal

Dexmedetomidine Rapidly Relieves Stress-Induced Hyperalgesia via Presynaptic <i>α</i>2-Adrenergic Inhibition at Orbitofrontal-Insular Glutamatergic Synapses.

MedComm·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
10:27

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: October 21, 2022

1.5K

Circular RNAs in human diseases.

Yuanyong Wang1,2, Jin Zhang3,4, Yuchen Yang3,4

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery Tangdu Hospital Air Force Medical University Xi'an China.

Medcomm
|September 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key molecules involved in various diseases. This review details their roles in non-cancerous and cancerous conditions, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
biomarkercancerscircular RNAsexosomeprognosisprogression

More Related Videos

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
08:25

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing

Published on: November 14, 2019

12.2K
Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
13:10

Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs

Published on: March 10, 2020

7.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
10:27

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: October 21, 2022

1.5K
Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing
08:25

Identification of Circular RNAs using RNA Sequencing

Published on: November 14, 2019

12.2K
Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs
13:10

Use of Alu Element Containing Minigenes to Analyze Circular RNAs

Published on: March 10, 2020

7.3K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are formed by back-splicing and are increasingly recognized for their biological significance.
  • Despite growing evidence of their involvement in disease pathogenesis, a comprehensive understanding of circRNA functions and clinical applications is still developing.
  • Existing reviews on circRNA functions and applications are scarce, necessitating an in-depth examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of circRNA biogenesis, functions, and roles in human diseases.
  • To explore the involvement of circRNAs in both non-neoplastic disorders and various types of cancer.
  • To highlight the potential of circRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on circRNAs.
  • Detailed examination of circRNA involvement in non-neoplastic diseases (respiratory, endocrine, metabolic, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, renal).
  • Exploration of circRNAs' roles in tumors, with a focus on exosomal circRNAs in cancer initiation, progression, and treatment resistance.

Main Results:

  • CircRNAs play significant roles in the pathogenesis of diverse human diseases.
  • Exosomal circRNAs are crucial mediators in cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance.
  • The review consolidates current knowledge on circRNA functions across various disease contexts.

Conclusions:

  • CircRNAs represent promising diagnostic biomarkers due to their involvement in disease mechanisms.
  • CircRNAs hold significant potential as novel therapeutic targets for both non-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases.
  • Further research into circRNAs can pave the way for innovative clinical investigations and interventions.