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Soft Bioelectronics for Heart Monitoring
Hadi Mirzajani1, Michael Kraft2,3
1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul, 34450 Turkey.
Insights
Implantable bioelectronics enable continuous heart monitoring after surgery, improving patient care. Future devices will integrate AI for personalized cardiovascular healthcare, aligning with global health goals.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Health
- Medical Technology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of death globally.
- Cardiac surgeries require precise post-operative monitoring, which is challenging post-discharge.
- Limited monitoring infrastructure post-discharge hinders continuous vital signal tracking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advancements in implantable bioelectronics for cardiovascular health monitoring.
- To highlight the use of these devices in sensing and stimulating the heart.
- To discuss future prospects and challenges in personalized cardiovascular healthcare.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent advancements in implantable bioelectronic platforms.
- Analysis of their application in sensing and stimulation for cardiovascular health.
- Exploration of integration with machine learning and AI.
Main Results:
- Implantable bioelectronics offer real-time, out-of-hospital monitoring of physiological signals.
- Multimodal platforms enable continuous heart sensing and stimulation.
- Next-generation devices will leverage AI and connectivity for personalized results.
Conclusions:
- Implantable bioelectronics are transforming cardiovascular monitoring and care.
- These technologies support personalized healthcare and align with WHO Sustainable Development Goal 3.4.
- Further development is needed to address challenges and realize future potential.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a predominant global health concern, accounting for over 17.9 million deaths in 2019, representing approximately 32% of all global fatalities. In North America and Europe, over a million adults undergo cardiac surgeries annually. Despite the benefits, such surgeries pose risks and require precise postsurgery monitoring. However, during the postdischarge period, where monitoring infrastructures are limited, continuous monitoring of vital signals is hindered. In this area, the introduction of implantable electronics is altering medical practices by enabling real-time and out-of-hospital monitoring of physiological signals and biological information postsurgery. The multimodal implantable bioelectronic platforms have the capability of continuous heart sensing and stimulation, in both postsurgery and out-of-hospital settings. Furthermore, with the emergence of machine learning algorithms into healthcare devices, next-generation implantables will benefit artificial intelligence (AI) and connectivity with skin-interfaced electronics to provide more precise and user-specific results. This Review outlines recent advancements in implantable bioelectronics and their utilization in cardiovascular health monitoring, highlighting their transformative deployment in sensing and stimulation to the heart toward reaching truly personalized healthcare platforms compatible with the Sustainable Development Goal 3.4 of the WHO 2030 observatory roadmap. This Review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of these devices.
