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Nonlinear Effects on Charge Fractionalization in Critical Chains.

Flávia B Ramos1, Rodrigo G Pereira2, Sebastian Eggert1

  • 1Physics Department and Research Center OPTIMAS, <a href="https://ror.org/01j9f6752">University of Kaiserslautern-Landau</a>, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We studied transport in fermionic chains, finding fractional charges that reveal nonlinear interactions. This method allows direct measurement of these parameters in quantum systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems

Background:

  • Understanding transport in one-dimensional strongly correlated systems is crucial.
  • Linear response theory often fails to capture complex dynamics in these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate generic transport beyond linear response in a 1D strongly correlated fermionic chain.
  • To develop a method for measuring nonlinear interaction parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical time evolution of a Gaussian wave packet on the ground state.
  • Analysis of fractional charge separation and velocities.

Main Results:

  • The wave packet splits into at least three distinct fractional charges with different velocities.
  • Two right-moving packets require consideration of nonlinear dispersion.
  • Nonlinear Luttinger liquid theory accurately predicts low-energy dynamics.
  • High-energy dynamics show signatures of composite excitations and two-particle bound states.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed out-of-equilibrium protocol directly measures nonlinear interaction parameters.
  • This strategy enables probing the nonlinear regime in time-resolved experiments.
  • Findings are applicable to quantum wires and ultracold-atom platforms.