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Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Factors influencing auditory brainstem response changes in infants.

Tomoko Esaki1, Tadao Yoshida2, Masumi Kobayashi2

  • 1Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|September 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Infant auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds can improve over time, particularly in infants with otitis media with effusion or Down syndrome. Further auditory assessments are recommended for these infants to ensure accurate hearing loss diagnosis.

Keywords:
ChildrenCongenital hearing lossDown syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Audiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is crucial for infant hearing assessment.
  • Understanding factors influencing ABR threshold improvement is vital for early diagnosis.
  • Infant hearing loss diagnosis requires accurate and reliable assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors affecting auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold improvement in infants.
  • To compare ABR waveform latencies in infants with and without hearing improvement.
  • To guide follow-up ABR testing protocols for infants at risk.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 626 infants undergoing ABR between 2016-2020.
  • Categorization into improved (≥20 dBnHL) and unchanged (<20 dBnHL) ABR threshold groups.
  • Evaluation of risk factors and comparison of wave latencies (I, III, V) between groups.

Main Results:

  • 185 infants showed ABR threshold improvement; 167 did not.
  • Otitis media with effusion and Down syndrome were associated with ABR improvement.
  • Prolonged wave latencies (I, III, V) seen in improved group with otitis media; shortened I-V interval in unchanged group with Down syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 50% of infants demonstrated ABR threshold improvement upon retesting.
  • Congenital syndromes like Down syndrome and otitis media with effusion warrant repeat ABR testing.
  • Accurate diagnosis of infant hearing loss necessitates careful consideration of these factors and potential follow-up assessments.