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Transcytosis of IgG

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Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization

Published on: November 16, 2016

Maternal Streptococcus agalactiae colonization in Europe: data from the multi-center DEVANI study.

Florens Lohrmann¹, Androulla Efstratiou², Uffe B Skov Sørensen³

¹Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

|September 8, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) remains a significant threat to newborns despite preventative measures. Harmonizing screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) across Europe is crucial for reducing early-onset GBS disease.

Keywords:

Streptococcus agalactiae Early-onset disease GBS vaccine Group B streptococcus Intrapartum prophylaxis Maternal colonization Neonatal sepsis Vertical transmission

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Published on: May 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Neonatal infectious diseases
Vaccinology
Microbiology

Background:

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes significant neonatal morbidity and mortality in Europe and the US.
Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is recommended but does not eliminate neonatal GBS infections.
The European DEVANI program investigated the burden and characteristics of neonatal GBS infections.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the neonatal GBS infection burden in Europe.
To characterize GBS strains in colonized pregnant women and their infants.
To evaluate the effectiveness of current GBS prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

Included 1083 pregnant women with GBS-positive cultures from eight European countries.
Collected clinical obstetrical data via standardized questionnaires.
Characterized GBS strains using serological and molecular methods.

Main Results:

13.4% of GBS carriers had additional obstetrical risk factors for early-onset disease (EOD).
The most common GBS capsular types (Ia, Ib, II, III, V) accounted for ~93% of carriage.
While 77.8% received IAP, only 49.5% had appropriate prophylaxis; nine neonates developed GBS EOD.

Conclusions:

Harmonization of GBS screening and IAP protocols across Europe is necessary to decrease EOD rates.
Epidemiological data from this study are vital for developing an effective GBS vaccine.
Targeted interventions and improved prophylaxis strategies are needed to protect neonates from GBS infection.