Mechanistic insights and applications of lignin-based ultraviolet shielding composites: A comprehensive review

Lignin is a green aromatic polymer constructed from repeating phenylpropane units, incorporating features such as phenolic hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, and conjugated double bonds that serve as chromophores. These structural attributes enable it to absorb a wide spectrum of ultraviolet radiation within the 250-400 nm range. The resulting properties make lignin a material of considerable interest for its potential applications in polymers, packaging, architectural decoration, and beyond. By examining the structure of lignin, this research delves into the structural influence on its UV-shielding capabilities. Through a comparative analysis of lignin's use in various UV-shielding applications, the study explores the interplay between lignin's structure and its interactions with other materials. This investigation aims to elucidate the UV-shielding mechanism, thereby offering insights that could inform the development of high-value applications for lignin in UV-shielding composite materials.