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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Horizontal Curves01:19

Introduction to Horizontal Curves

68
Horizontal curves are essential in highway and railroad design, ensuring smooth and safe transitions between straight path segments, or tangents. These curves allow vehicles to maintain speed without abrupt changes, minimizing accidents and improving travel efficiency.A horizontal curve is typically defined by its geometric relationship to two tangents that meet at an intersection point (P.I.), where a simple curve is introduced to connect them. The back tangent refers to the initial tangent...
68
Horizontal Curve: Problem Solving01:03

Horizontal Curve: Problem Solving

49
A horizontal curve is characterized by its radius, intersection angle, and stationing of key points. In this case, the radius is 400 meters, and the angle of intersection is 30 degrees, with the station of the point of curvature (P.C.) at 0 + 150 meters. The goal is to determine the station values at the point of intersection (P.I.), point of tangency (P.T.), and midpoint of the curve, as well as the length of the long chord.The process begins with calculating the tangent distance (T) and the...
49
Vertical Curve: Problem Solving01:23

Vertical Curve: Problem Solving

40
Vertical curves provide the transition between two roadway grades, ensuring safety, comfort, and functionality. Calculating elevations at specific stations along the curve involves several systematic steps based on the curve's geometry and provided design parameters.The vertical curve is defined by its length, grades, Point of Vertical Intersection (P.V.I.) location, and P.V.I. elevation. The stations of the Point of Vertical Curvature (P.V.C.), where the curve begins, and the Point of Vertical...
40
Introduction to Vertical Curves01:24

Introduction to Vertical Curves

27
Vertical curves are parabolic transitions that connect different grades on highways and railroads, ensuring a smooth alignment between back and forward tangents. The back tangent represents the initial grade, while the forward tangent defines the subsequent grade. These curves can be symmetrical, with equal tangent lengths, or nonsymmetrical, with varying lengths. The key points defining a vertical curve include the Point of Vertical Intersection (P.V.I.), where the tangents meet; the Point of...
27
Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve01:29

Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve

38
Sight distance on vertical curves is critical in roadway design. It ensures drivers can see far enough ahead to identify and respond to hazards effectively. This directly impacts safety, driver comfort, and the overall efficiency of the transportation network.Vertical curves are classified into crest and sag curves based on their geometry. For crest curves, sight distance is determined by the line of sight between a driver's eye and a small object on the road's surface. Design parameters for...
38
Field Procedure for Staking Out Curves01:26

Field Procedure for Staking Out Curves

39
Staking out curves is an essential process in construction to ensure the accurate alignment of structures along a curved path. This task involves positioning stakes at calculated locations corresponding to the curve's design, effectively translating plans into physical markers in the field. The process begins by determining the geometric parameters of the curve, including the radius, central angle, and tangent distances. These parameters are critical for identifying key points such as the...
39

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Understanding speeding behavior on interstate horizontal curves and ramps using networkwide probe data.

Eduardo Vergara1, Juan Aviles-Ordonez1, Yuanchang Xie2

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States.

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|September 9, 2024
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Speeding on highway curves and ramps increases with better traffic flow and larger curve radii. Winter months and larger arc angles reduce speeding odds, guiding targeted safety interventions.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Road safety engineering
  • Traffic engineering
  • Transportation safety

Background:

  • Lane departure collisions are a major cause of roadway fatalities in the U.S.
  • Many of these crashes occur on horizontal curves or ramps due to speeding.
  • This research identifies factors influencing speeding on Interstate horizontal curves and ramps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate factors impacting the odds of speeding on Interstate horizontal curves and ramps.
  • To analyze the influence of traffic conditions, time factors, and geometric characteristics on speeding behavior.
  • To provide data-driven insights for developing effective traffic safety countermeasures.

Main Methods:

  • Combined data from an automatic road analyzer (ARAN) vehicle for road geometry and probe data for traffic speed and volume.
  • Evaluated the impact of level of service (LOS), time of day, time of week, and month of year.
  • Analyzed geometric features including curve radius, arc angle, and superelevation.

Main Results:

  • Odds of speeding increase with improved LOS, larger curve radii, and greater superelevation.
  • Speeding odds decrease on curves with larger arc angles and during winter months.
  • Diagonal/loop ramps show reduced speeding odds with larger arc angles and narrower lanes.

Conclusions:

  • Speeding on curves is influenced by traffic volume, speed limits, and geometric design.
  • Countermeasures should target curves with low traffic, high speed limits, and large radii/superelevation, especially in rural areas.
  • Findings can prioritize locations and times for speed enforcement and safety interventions.