Smile Beyond the Stars: A Narrative Review Exploring the Challenges for Dentistry in Space

Area of Science:

• Space Medicine
• Dental Science
• Aerospace Engineering

Background:

• Oral health is critical for astronaut well-being and mission success.
• Microgravity poses unique risks, including periodontitis, caries, and bone loss.
• Traditional dental care is less effective in space, increasing plaque and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the effects of microgravity on oral health.
• To explore innovative solutions for space dentistry.
• To ensure astronaut dental health for extended space exploration.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on space dentistry challenges.
• Analysis of microgravity's impact on oral conditions.
• Identification of specialized tools and preventive strategies.

Main Results:

• Microgravity exacerbates dental problems like periodontitis and caries.
• Specialized tools (e.g., ergonomic toothbrushes, 3D-printed prostheses) are needed.
• Preventive astronaut training programs are vital for oral hygiene maintenance.

Conclusions:

• Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential for advancing space dentistry.
• Innovative solutions and training are promising for astronaut oral health.
• Safeguarding astronaut dental health is key to future space exploration.