Carbon dioxide capture, sequestration, and utilization models for carbon management and transformation

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Biotechnology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels drive climate change and global warming.
• The global energy crisis necessitates sustainable energy solutions.
• Carbon-neutral bioenergy offers a pathway to address these environmental and energy challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential of carbon capture, sequestration, and utilization (CCSU) technologies.
• To focus on biological routes utilizing microbial metabolic pathways for CO2 fixation and conversion.
• To develop sustainable strategies for climate management and biofuel production.

Main Methods:

• Investigating microbial metabolic pathways for CO2 fixation and conversion.
• Utilizing algae for CO2 fixation via photosynthesis.
• Employing methanogens for CO2 conversion to methane through methanogenesis.

Main Results:

• Microorganisms offer a novel, renewable, and efficient method for CO2 fixation and utilization.
• Algae demonstrate significant CO2 fixation capabilities due to high growth rates and lipid content.
• Methanogens efficiently convert CO2 to methane, facilitating carbon sequestration and energy production.

Conclusions:

• Biological CCSU pathways are crucial for reducing carbon emissions and promoting a sustainable future.
• Microbial-based CCSU models show significant potential for future sustainability and biofuel upgrading.
• The microbial-shift reaction is a key process for CO2 reduction and biofuel enhancement.