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Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Management of Biphasic Anaphylaxis
1Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road Hale Building for Transformational Medicine, 5th floor, Boston, MA, 02132, USA. mgiannetti@bwh.harvard.edu.
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|September 11, 2024
Summary
Biphasic anaphylaxis, a recurrence of allergic reaction symptoms, affects 0.4-20% of cases. Severe initial symptoms and delayed epinephrine use are key risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Allergy and Immunology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Biphasic anaphylaxis involves symptom recurrence after initial allergic reaction resolution.
- Understanding its pathophysiology and epidemiology has significantly advanced since its 1990s description.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current literature on biphasic anaphylaxis.
- Highlight key research and recent developments in the field.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on biphasic anaphylaxis.
- Analysis of epidemiological data and risk factors.
Main Results:
- Biphasic anaphylaxis incidence ranges from 0.4% to 20%, with variability due to diagnostic criteria.
- Risk factors include severe initial symptoms (hypotension, hypoxia), delayed epinephrine, and multiple epinephrine doses.
Conclusions:
- Significant progress has been made in understanding biphasic anaphylaxis.
- Gaps in literature persist, necessitating further research into epidemiology, risk factors, and management.
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