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Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Suicidal Inpatients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Gretchen J Diefenbach1,2, Kayla A Lord1, Jessica Stubbing1,3
1Anxiety Disorders Center, The Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut.
JAMA Psychiatry
|September 11, 2024
Summary
Brief cognitive behavioral therapy for inpatients significantly reduced suicide attempts by 60% and psychiatric readmissions by 71% in patients without substance use disorders post-discharge.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Clinical Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Suicide risk remains high following inpatient care.
- There is a need for evidence-based suicide prevention strategies during inpatient stays.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of an inpatient brief cognitive behavioral therapy (iBCBT) for suicide prevention.
- To determine if iBCBT reduces post-discharge suicide attempts, suicidal ideation, and psychiatric readmissions.
- To investigate if substance use disorder moderates treatment effects.
Main Methods:
- A randomized clinical trial comparing treatment as usual (TAU) to TAU plus iBCBT.
- Inclusion criteria: inpatients admitted for suicidal crisis.
- Follow-up assessments conducted monthly for 6 months post-discharge.
Main Results:
- iBCBT reduced suicide attempts by 60% over 6 months post-discharge.
- iBCBT reduced psychiatric readmissions by 71% in patients without substance use disorder.
- Effects on suicidal ideation were less clear, with some indication of reduced severity post-iBCBT.
Conclusions:
- Inpatient brief cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in reducing suicide reattempts and readmissions.
- Substance use disorder influences treatment effectiveness for readmission rates.
- Further research is needed to optimize iBCBT for individuals with substance use disorders and for broader implementation.
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