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Retinal Microstructural Changes Reflecting Treatment-Associated Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Lower-Grade
Arina Nisanova1, Ashutosh Parajuli2, Bhavna Antony2
1Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California.
Retinal changes and tumor features correlate with cognitive dysfunction in glioma patients. These findings suggest retinal biomarkers could aid in diagnosing and monitoring treatment-associated cognitive dysfunction (TACD).
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology and Neurology
- Neuro-oncology and Cancer Research
Background:
- Lower-grade gliomas can lead to treatment-associated cognitive dysfunction (TACD).
- Identifying reliable biomarkers for TACD is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between microstructural retinal changes, tumor characteristics, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 polymorphism with TACD in lower-grade glioma patients.
- To assess the potential of retinal biomarkers in detecting and monitoring cognitive dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study involving 16 lower-grade glioma patients and controls.
- Assessment of cognitive status using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores and retinal changes at 6-month intervals.
- Evaluation of APOE genotyping, tumor details, and correlation with TACD using a Partial Least-Squares Discriminant (PLSD) model.
Main Results:
- 56% of patients exhibited abnormal cognition (MoCA <26/30).
- Worse MoCA scores were associated with temporal lobe tumors and oligodendrogliomas.
- Patients with TACD showed significant radial peripapillary capillary density loss; the PLSD model identified TACD with 77% accuracy using retinal and tumor features.
Conclusions:
- Microstructural retinal changes may serve as biomarkers for TACD in lower-grade glioma patients.
- Temporal lobe tumors and oligodendrogliomas may increase susceptibility to TACD.
- Retinal markers could enhance TACD diagnosis and monitoring, warranting further investigation into APOE ε4's role.
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