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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells
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Anode-free post-Li metal batteries.

Deik Petersen1, Monja Gronenberg1, German Lener2

  • 1Chair for Functional Nanomaterials, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143, Kiel, Germany. moza@tf.uni-kiel.de.

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Summary

Anode-free metal batteries (AFMBs) offer higher energy density and lower costs by using only current collectors. This review explores AFMBs beyond lithium, focusing on metal plating and dendrite mitigation for sustainable energy storage.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Anode-free metal batteries (AFMBs) eliminate traditional metal anodes, utilizing only current collectors (CCs).
  • This architecture promises higher energy densities, reduced manufacturing costs, and improved environmental sustainability for metal batteries.
  • Current research extends AFMB technology beyond lithium to other metals like sodium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and aluminum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of anode-free metal battery technology.
  • To explore the concept of "metal-philicity" for understanding and controlling metal plating behavior.
  • To discuss strategies for enhancing metal plating efficiency and mitigating dendrite formation in post-lithium AFMBs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on AFMBs across various metals.
  • Discussion of computational studies employing first-principles calculations to understand metal-CC interactions.
  • Exploration of surface modifications and coatings on CCs for improved plating and dendrite suppression.

Main Results:

  • The concept of "metal-philicity" offers insights into metal-CC surface interactions.
  • Surface modifications and coatings on CCs are effective in enhancing metal plating efficiency.
  • Strategies exist to mitigate dendrite formation, a key challenge in AFMBs.

Conclusions:

  • AFMBs represent a promising avenue for next-generation energy storage solutions.
  • Understanding metal-CC interactions and optimizing plating behavior are crucial for AFMB development.
  • Further research into anode-free technologies beyond lithium will drive more efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective batteries.