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Effect of Behavior-Change Interventions on Daily Physical Activity in Patients with Intermittent Claudication: The
Ukachukwu O Abaraogu1,2,3, Philippa Dall1, Chris Seenan1
1Research Centre for Health (ReaCH), School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcadeens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
|September 13, 2024
Summary
Behavior-change technique (BCT)-based interventions effectively boost short-term daily physical activity (PA) in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients. Long-term PA maintenance and comparisons with specific controls require further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Behavioral Medicine
- Exercise Science
Background:
- Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and intermittent claudication (IC) significantly impair quality of life and mobility.
- Daily physical activity (PA) is crucial for managing PAD/IC, but adherence to interventions can be challenging.
- Behavior-change techniques (BCTs) offer structured approaches to promote sustained health behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of BCT-based interventions for increasing daily PA in individuals with PAD/IC.
- To compare the impact of BCT interventions against various control groups.
- To explore the relationship between specific BCTs and the degree of PA improvement.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across 11 databases up to November 2022, with ongoing monitoring until August 2023.
- Included studies compared BCT-based interventions with any control group, analyzing short-term (<6 months) and long-term (≥6 months) PA changes.
- Meta-analyses (random-effects pairwise), risk of bias assessments (Cochrane-RoB-2, ROBINS-I), and certainty of evidence evaluations (GRADE) were performed following PRISMA guidelines.
Main Results:
- BCT-based interventions significantly increased short-term daily PA compared to non-structured exercise training (non-SET) by approximately 473 steps/day (SMD 0.20, high certainty).
- Evidence regarding the maintenance of PA for 6 months or longer following BCT interventions remains uncertain (SMD 0.12, moderate certainty).
- Comparisons with structured exercise training (SET) yielded inconclusive results for both short-term and long-term PA changes, with low to very low certainty evidence.
Conclusions:
- BCT-based interventions are effective in improving short-term daily physical activity levels in individuals with PAD/IC.
- The long-term effectiveness of these interventions for PA maintenance and their superiority over structured exercise training require further robust research.
- BCT interventions represent a viable strategy for enhancing daily PA in the PAD/IC population.
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