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[Dermatologic side effects with use of lithium].

Patricia Rubí-González1, Karla Muáoz-Guzmán2, Mariela Gatica-Saavedra1

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Summary

Lithium, a key treatment for Bipolar Affective Disorder, can cause skin issues like psoriasis and acne. These dermatologic side effects, though often not severe, may impact patient adherence to medication.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Lithium is the gold standard mood stabilizer for Bipolar Affective Disorder, crucial for preventing relapses.
  • Despite its efficacy, lithium treatment is associated with various adverse effects, notably dermatological complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the frequency, clinical presentation, evolution, and management strategies for adverse dermatologic effects associated with lithium therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review was conducted utilizing major academic databases: Scielo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.
  • Searches were performed using relevant keywords in both English and Spanish to ensure broad coverage.

Main Results:

  • Common dermatologic presentations include the exacerbation or new onset of psoriasis, alopecia, acne, follicular inflammation, and maculopapular eruptions.
  • These adverse skin reactions can occur even at therapeutic lithium levels.

Conclusions:

  • Lithium can induce or worsen several dermatological conditions, ranging in severity.
  • While typically not severe, these skin issues warrant attention as they can potentially compromise patient adherence to lithium treatment.