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Online Patient Education in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: ChatGPT versus Google Search
Serena Incerti Parenti1, Maria Lavinia Bartolucci1, Elena Biondi1,2
1Unit of Orthodontics and Sleep Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Via San Vitale 59, 40125 Bologna, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 14, 2024
Summary
ChatGPT-3.5 offers superior quality and comprehensive information for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patient education compared to Google Search. However, its readability is lower, necessitating improvements for wider patient accessibility.
Area of Science:
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Medical Informatics
- Patient Education
Background:
- Online patient education is crucial for healthcare.
- Artificial intelligence (AI) tools like ChatGPT-3.5 are emerging as alternatives to traditional search engines.
- Assessing the quality and suitability of AI-generated health information is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate ChatGPT-3.5's effectiveness in providing information on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) for patient education.
- To compare the quality of OSA information from ChatGPT-3.5 against Google Search.
Main Methods:
- Ten common obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) questions were posed to ChatGPT-3.5 and Google Search.
- Responses were evaluated by two researchers using the Global Quality Score (GQS), PEMAT, DISCERN, CLEAR tool, and readability metrics.
- Statistical analysis was performed to compare the performance of both platforms.
Main Results:
- ChatGPT-3.5 significantly outperformed Google Search in GQS, DISCERN reliability and quality, and CLEAR tool scores.
- ChatGPT-3.5 demonstrated higher understandability and actionability scores on the PEMAT.
- Google Search provided more readable content, as indicated by Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level scores.
Conclusions:
- ChatGPT-3.5 provides higher quality, more comprehensive obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) information than Google Search.
- Readability of ChatGPT-3.5 responses needs improvement to enhance patient accessibility.
- Healthcare providers should guide patients in critically evaluating online health information from all sources, including AI.
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