Maximizing Onboard Hydrogen Storage Capacity by Exploring High-Strength Novel Materials Using a Mathematical Approach

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Chemical Engineering
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Hydrogen fuel is a key clean energy solution, especially for fuel cell vehicles.
• Efficient onboard hydrogen storage remains a significant technological hurdle.
• Developing advanced storage materials is crucial for widespread hydrogen adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore high-strength novel materials for maximizing onboard hydrogen storage capacity.
• To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of materials like glass for hydrogen storage.
• To identify materials that can meet or exceed Department of Energy (DOE) targets.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a mathematical approach to assess material performance.
• Focused on capillary arrays as a promising storage medium.
• Employed mathematical modeling to estimate storage capacity enhancements.

Main Results:

• Significant variations in storage capacity were observed across different high-strength materials.
• Glass-based materials showed particularly promising results for hydrogen storage.
• Quartz glass achieved 29 wt.% capacity (40 g/L), and Kevlar achieved 25 wt.% (38 g/L).

Conclusions:

• High-strength novel materials, including glass and polymers, can substantially improve onboard hydrogen storage.
• Glass-based materials show potential to meet or exceed DOE gravimetric and volumetric targets.
• Material selection is critical for optimizing next-generation hydrogen storage technologies.