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Energy Performance of LR-FHSS: Analysis and Evaluation.

Roger Sanchez-Vital1, Lluís Casals1, Bartomeu Heer-Salva1

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Summary

This study models energy consumption for Long-range Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (LR-FHSS) in LoRaWAN. Optimized LR-FHSS devices can achieve battery lifetimes up to 16 years, crucial for IoT applications.

Keywords:
Internet of ThingsIoTLPWANLR-FHSSLoRaLoRaWANenergy consumptionenergy modelingperformance evaluation

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless Communication
  • Internet of Things (IoT)
  • Energy Efficiency

Background:

  • LoRaWAN networks are crucial for IoT, demanding low energy consumption in end devices.
  • Long-range Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (LR-FHSS) is a new LoRaWAN feature enhancing capacity and robustness.
  • No prior studies have modeled LR-FHSS's energy impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive analytical model for LR-FHSS energy consumption.
  • To evaluate average current consumption, battery lifetime, and data transmission energy efficiency.
  • To assess LR-FHSS performance against traditional LoRa in terms of power usage.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an analytical energy consumption model for LR-FHSS.
  • Conducted measurements on real hardware within an operational LR-FHSS network.
  • Analyzed key performance metrics including average current, battery life, and transmission efficiency.

Main Results:

  • LR-FHSS can exhibit higher energy consumption than standard LoRa under certain conditions.
  • Optimized LR-FHSS configurations can yield battery lifetimes of 2.5 years with a 50-minute notification period.
  • The most energy-efficient payload size and a one-day notification interval theoretically extend battery life to 16 years.

Conclusions:

  • LR-FHSS offers a viable, energy-efficient solution for LoRaWAN, especially with careful configuration.
  • The developed model provides valuable insights for designing long-lasting IoT devices using LR-FHSS.
  • Achieving extended battery life is feasible for LR-FHSS end devices, supporting diverse IoT deployment scenarios.