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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no movement.
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...

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Dynamic Mechanics and Longitudinal Changes in Temporomandibular Joint Structural Integrity.

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Nocturnal Autonomic Nervous System and Jaw Muscle Activities and Ramus Height in Children.

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Identification of Differential Fibrocartilage Degradation Between Sexes in a Burn-Synovectomy Temporomandibular Osteoarthritis Mouse Model.

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Mechanics- and Behavior-Related Temporomandibular Joint Differences.

J C Nickel1,2, Y M Gonzalez2, Y Liu3

  • 1Oregon Health & Science University, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Portland OR, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|September 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement increases tissue loading, measured by energy density (ED) and duty factor (DF). Mechanobehavior scores (MBS) are significantly higher in displaced TMJs, indicating potential for degenerative changes.

Keywords:
TMJbiomechanicselectromyographyhumanmasticatory musclesmechanical fatiguetemporomandibular joint disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Orthodontics
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fatigue is linked to loading magnitude (energy density, ED) and frequency (jaw muscle duty factor, DF).
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing TMJ health and predicting disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure ED and DF in subjects with and without TMJ disc displacement (±D).
  • To compare mechanobehavior scores (MBS = ED² × DF) between groups.
  • To evaluate MBS as a potential biomarker for TMJ structural changes.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to classify TMJ disc displacement.
  • Jaw muscle activity recorded in-field to determine duty factors (DF).
  • Modeled TMJ loads and in vivo dynamic stereometry used to estimate energy densities (ED).
  • Multivariate analysis of variance, t-tests, and K-means cluster analysis performed.

Main Results:

  • Average EDs were significantly higher (2-fold) in +D TMJs compared to -D TMJs.
  • Duty factors (DF) were higher during daytime and for masseter vs. temporalis muscles.
  • Daytime masseter MBSs were highest in females with +D TMJs, exceeding those in -D TMJs by 2- to 43-fold.
  • Cluster analysis identified groups with significantly higher MBS in +D TMJs.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanobehavior scores (MBS) are significantly elevated in TMJs with disc displacement.
  • MBS may serve as a valuable biomarker for predicting the progression or reversal of degenerative TMJ conditions.
  • The findings highlight the impact of loading parameters on TMJ tissue health.