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Mitomycin-C nephrotoxicity: a clinico-pathologic study of 17 cases.
Summary
Mitomycin-C (MMC) can cause kidney damage, including proteinuria and hematuria. The severity of these renal lesions is linked to the total MMC dose, suggesting a dose-related nephrotoxic effect.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Mitomycin-C (MMC) is an antineoplastic agent.
- Potential adverse effects of MMC on renal function require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the nephrotoxicity of Mitomycin-C (MMC) in patients.
- To correlate renal lesions with MMC dosage.
Main Methods:
- Autopsy analysis of 17 patients treated with MMC.
- Renal function tests, urinalysis, and histological examination (including immunofluorescence and ultrastructural studies).
Main Results:
- Seven patients showed renal functional deterioration.
- Six patients had proteinuria, four had hematuria.
- Four patients developed microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and thrombocytopenia.
- Renal lesions resembled hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) with mesangiolysis and cellular atypias.
- Lesion severity correlated with total MMC dosage.
Conclusions:
- Mitomycin-C (MMC) exhibits nephrotoxic potential.
- MMC-induced nephrotoxicity is dose-related and may have a delayed onset.
- Renal lesions include glomerular mesangiolysis and cellular atypias.