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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

396
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
396

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Predicting the future of autoimmune encephalitides.

M Guasp1, J Dalmau2

  • 1Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-CaixaResearch Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.

Revue Neurologique
|September 14, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune encephalitides, driven by antibodies targeting neural proteins, are increasingly recognized. Research focuses on diagnosis, immunotherapy, and understanding these complex neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Keywords:
Animal modelsAutoimmuneDiagnosisEncephalitisTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Neurologic and psychiatric disorders are increasingly understood as immune-mediated.
  • Discovery of autoantibodies targeting neuronal cell-surface proteins has advanced diagnosis and treatment.
  • Autoimmune encephalitides represent a significant advancement over earlier identified autoimmune CNS disorders targeting intracellular proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history and clinical implementation of autoantibody discovery in autoimmune encephalitides.
  • To discuss recent developments in managing NMDAR and LGI1 autoimmune encephalitides, focusing on overlooked symptoms.
  • To evaluate animal models, biomarkers, clinical scales, and emerging therapies like CAR T-cell technology for autoimmune CNS disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of autoimmune encephalitides.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in specific autoimmune encephalitides (NMDAR, LGI1).
  • Examination of animal models, biomarkers, clinical scales, and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Autoantibodies targeting neuronal surface proteins are key in diagnosing and treating autoimmune encephalitides.
  • Overlooked symptoms in NMDAR and LGI1 autoimmune encephalitides require better management.
  • Current understanding of pathophysiology necessitates improved neuro-immunobiological models.

Conclusions:

  • Continued research is vital for understanding autoimmune encephalitides.
  • Improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are needed.
  • Future research should focus on refining models and exploring novel therapies like CAR T-cells.