[Importance of hydration in people with dysphagia and its consequences]

Introduction: dysphagia is a difficulty in moving food or drink from the mouth to the stomach, which may consist of a delay or an impossibility of transit or an-error in the direction, with the consequent passage into the airways. Dysphagia increases the risk of malnutrition and dehydration in the patient. However, although dehydration is one of the most common complications of dysphagia and is associated with significant risks, including hospitalization and mortality, it has been little studied in terms of its relationship and associated risk factors. Methods: a review of the scientific literature on the hydration of people with dysphagia and the dangers of inadequate hydration in them was carried out. Results and discussion: the dietary and nutritional approach in patients with dysphagia requires a multidisciplinary and personalized approach and is essential to improve the quality of life of patients with dysphagia. Dehydration is a frequent and serious complication in patients with dysphagia, which can lead to problems such as urinary tract infections, constipation, confusion, and worsening of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully evaluate and monitor the fluid intake in these patients, and strategies to improve hydration include the use of thickened liquids, stimulating appetite, and adapting the texture and presentation of foods. Conclusión: adequate and protocolized management, from a dietary and nutritional point of view, can have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, improving their well-being and preventing complications associated with this condition. A comprehensive approach to dysphagia, which includes adequate assessment and management of hydration, is essential to prevent serious complications.