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In Vivo Assessment of a Triple Periodic Minimal Surface Based Biomimmetic Gyroid as an Implant Material in a Rabbit
Pearlin Amaan Khan1, Ansheed Raheem1, Cheirmadurai Kalirajan1
1Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular, and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India.
ACS Materials Au
|September 16, 2024
Summary
Biomimetic gyroid implants show enhanced bone ingrowth. These structures, mimicking natural bone, significantly improve implant stability and integration compared to dense materials.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Orthopedic Implantology
- Additive Manufacturing
Background:
- Biomimetic implant design is crucial for improving osseointegration.
- Triple Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) gyroid structures offer ideal porous architectures.
- Gyroid structures mimic mechanical cues and enhance bone ingrowth due to increased surface area.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the biological performance of additively manufactured gyroid-based Ti6Al-4V implants.
- To compare the gyroid structure to a dense Ti6Al-4V alloy counterpart.
- To assess cellular viability and in vivo bone integration.
Main Methods:
- Cellular viability assessed via lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay.
- In vivo study conducted over 6 weeks in a rabbit tibia model.
- Characterization using X-ray, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and histopathology.
Main Results:
- Gyroid surfaces showed marginally higher cellular viability than dense material.
- Gyroid structures achieved an 11-fold higher bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) ratio (9.6%) compared to dense metal (0.8%).
- Histology revealed neovascularization, in-bone growth, and Haversian system formation in gyroid implants.
Conclusions:
- Gyroid-based Ti6Al-4V implants demonstrate superior osteointegration compared to dense counterparts.
- The porous gyroid architecture promotes enhanced bone ingrowth and implant stability.
- Biomimetic gyroid structures represent a promising advancement in orthopedic implant design.
