Proliferation symmetry breaking in growing tissues.
Xinzhi Li1, Aniruddha Datta1, Shiladitya Banerjee1
1Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|September 16, 2024
Summary
This study presents a new model for tissue growth, showing how cell alignment, pressure, and division can drive anisotropic morphogenesis without relying solely on gene expression. This offers insights into controlling tissue development.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Biophysics
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Tissue morphogenesis typically relies on polarized gene expression for anisotropic growth.
- Understanding alternative mechanisms driving directional tissue expansion is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and investigate a novel model for anisotropic tissue growth.
- To explore the role of self-organized feedback between cell polarity, mechanical pressure, and division rates.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical modeling of cell-tissue interactions.
- Simulation of cell polarity alignment and its effect on proliferation.
- Analysis of mechanical pressure distribution within the tissue.
Main Results:
- Cell polarity alignment can spontaneously break symmetry in cell proliferation.
- Anisotropic proliferation arises from the anisotropic distribution of mechanical pressure.
- Cellular elasticity, motility, and contact inhibition influence proliferation anisotropy.
Conclusions:
- Self-organized feedback loops offer an alternative mechanism for anisotropic morphogenesis.
- This model provides design principles for controlling tissue development and growth patterns.
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