Connective Tissue and Autoimmune Diseases Associated With Postsurgical Breast Augmentation: An Updated Review

This review provides an updated overview of the association between breast augmentation and connective tissue diseases (CTDs). A narrative review of recent literature was conducted. Various autoimmune disorders, such as Raynaud's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren's syndrome, have been reported in association with breast implants, particularly silicone implants. Symptoms can be diverse and systemic, including fatigue, joint stiffness, muscle pain, skin rashes, and neurological and gastrointestinal issues. Explantation has shown promise in alleviating symptoms, but the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. Recent studies emphasize the need for informed consent, vigilant monitoring, and multidisciplinary management. The association between breast implants and CTDs remains contentious. While advancements in implant technology have improved patient outcomes, concerns about long-term health implications persist. Continuous research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these potential risks and to develop informed patient care guidelines. In this narrative review, we discuss the history of breast implants, illness associated with breast augmentation, and treatment of CTDs and autoimmune diseases associated with breast augmentation.