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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Suicide is a major cause of death in adolescents.
  • Sleep disturbances are common in adolescents and linked to suicide risk.
  • Longitudinal studies on sleep and suicidal behaviors in early adolescence are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between sleep disturbances in preadolescent children (aged 9-10) and the longitudinal risk of suicidal ideation and attempts.
  • To examine specific sleep problems, such as excessive somnolence and nightmares, as potential risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal cohort study using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (2016-2021).
  • Parent-reported Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children administered at baseline.
  • Suicidal behaviors assessed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-COMP) at 2-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Children aged 9-10 with sleep disturbances had a significantly increased risk of suicidal behavior by age 12 (OR, 2.68).
  • Specific sleep issues like excessive somnolence and nightmares were associated with higher risk.
  • The study included 8807 children with no baseline suicidal ideation or behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Disturbed sleep in preadolescence is a significant predictor of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in early adolescence.
  • Sleep represents a potentially modifiable risk factor and a critical target for suicide prevention strategies in youth.
  • Early identification and intervention for sleep problems may help mitigate suicide risk in vulnerable children.