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Case report: persistent bilateral complete sciatic artery associated with aneurysmal degeneration
Paulo Henrique Alves Togni1, André Luís Santos Vaz Leite1, Marcela Prando Sampaio1
1Centro Universitário Padre Albino - UNIFIPA, Catanduva, SP, Brasil.
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
|September 17, 2024
Summary
Persistent sciatic artery is a rare congenital anomaly. This case highlights its potential for severe complications, including limb necrosis and amputation, emphasizing the need for clinical awareness.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Embryology
- Anatomic Variations
Background:
- Persistent sciatic artery is a rare congenital anomaly of the lower limb's arterial system.
- It arises from the failure of the sciatic artery to regress during embryonic development.
- This condition can lead to significant vascular complications if not recognized.
Observation:
- A 63-year-old female presented with acute right lower limb ischemia, including severe pain, coldness, and cyanosis.
- Initial duplex ultrasound revealed absent flow in tibial and fibular arteries.
- The patient developed dry necrosis, necessitating transfemoral amputation.
Findings:
- Postoperative angiotomography revealed bilateral persistent sciatic arteries with aneurysmal degeneration and thrombosis.
- There was a complete lack of downstream arterial opacification.
- The patient's presentation was attributed to complications arising from this rare anatomical variation.
Implications:
- This case underscores the critical clinical importance of recognizing persistent sciatic artery.
- Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to prevent severe outcomes like limb loss.
- Further research into the embryological basis and optimal treatment strategies for this anomaly is warranted.
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