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Enterocytozoon bieneusi, a human pathogen

Céline Nourrisson1,2,3, Rose-Anne Lavergne4, Maxime Moniot1,3

  • 1Parasitology & Mycology unit, 3IHP, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Emerging Microbes & Infections
|September 17, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Enterocytozoon bieneusi, a common microsporidia species, causes intestinal illness in humans and animals. Its genetic diversity and zoonotic potential highlight the need for further research and improved diagnostics for this emerging pathogen.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Microsporidia, particularly Enterocytozoon bieneusi, remain understudied despite their impact since the 1980s.
  • Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most prevalent microsporidia species causing intestinal disease in both immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised individuals.
  • This pathogen exhibits significant genetic diversity, with over 500 genotypes identified, some possessing zoonotic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on Enterocytozoon bieneusi.
  • To highlight the genetic diversity and zoonotic implications of E. bieneusi.
  • To underscore the importance of E. bieneusi in human medicine and public health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing data on Enterocytozoon bieneusi.
  • Analysis of genetic diversity and host range.
  • Examination of diagnostic and epidemiological tools.

Main Results:

  • Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a frequent cause of human intestinal infections and infects a wide range of animal hosts.
  • Over 500 genotypes of E. bieneusi have been described, indicating substantial genetic variability.
  • The species has been implicated in foodborne and waterborne disease outbreaks due to its zoonotic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a significant emerging pathogen with broad host and genetic diversity.
  • Its zoonotic potential necessitates enhanced surveillance and diagnostic capabilities.
  • Further research is crucial to better understand and manage E. bieneusi infections in human and veterinary medicine.
Keywords:
Enterocytozoon bieneusifoodborne pathogenintestinal pathogenmicrosporidiaopportunistic infectious diseasesoutbreakwaterborne pathogenzoonosis

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