Traditional vs novel out-of-office method for collecting cytology and HPV DNA - a comparative study

The integration of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection into cervical cancer screening in Poland aims to improve early detection, yet challenges in coverage and adherence persist. Innovative approaches, like sampling for HPV testing and cytology outside medical settings, have been proposed. This study assesses the feasibility and agreement of results between traditional and novel sampling methods.

A cohort of 50 women aged 25-74 underwent HPV DNA and liquid-based cytology sampling both in-office using standard method and outside the medical setting by trained personnel. Samples were analyzed for HPV DNA using Real-Time PCR and cytology according to the Bethesda System.

Cytology and HPV DNA positivity rates showed substantial agreement between methods, with almost perfect agreement for high-risk HPV types. Visual assessment of the cervix was successfully conducted in all cases. Preliminary results suggest remote sampling for HPV DNA and cytology is a viable alternative to traditional methods, with the effectiveness in detecting HPV and cytological abnormalities comparable to this reported in literature, offering potential benefits for individuals with mobility limitations or logistical barriers to attending medical appointments.

The study highlights the potential role of remote sampling for HPV DNA and cytology in enhancing cervical cancer screening accessibility and adherence. Implementation of such methods could improve coverage, particularly among underserved populations. Further research is needed to validate and optimize these approaches for broader clinical use.