Performance of a new generation balloon expandable stent-graft (Gore VBX) as bridging stent for B-EVAR

The aim of this study was to report the results of a single-centre experience with a new generation balloon expandable stent-graft (Viabahn VBX; W. L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, AZ, USA) as bridging stent in branched endovascular aortic repair (B-EVAR).

This is a retrospective single institution analysis of a prospectively maintained database. All patients undergone implantation of at least one VBX as bridging stent in B-EVAR over the last 5 years (from July 1, 2018, to November 31, 2023) were included. Primary outcomes were technical success, primary and secondary stent patency rate, branch-related reinterventions, and branch instability. Secondary outcomes were clinical success, mortality, and rate of aortic-related reinterventions.

This study involved 40 patients for a total of 147 VBX stent-grafts implanted in 141 target vessels as bridging stents in B-EVAR (62.5% off-the-shelf and 37.5% custom made devices; 65% with outer branches and 35% with inner branches) for the treatment of 38 (95%) degenerative and 2 (5%) postdissection aneurysms. In 28 cases (70%) a total transfemoral approach was used to deliver the bridging stents. Technical success was 100%. No target vessel was lost intraoperatively. Over a median follow-up of 26.5 months (range 0-74), primary and secondary patency, branch-related reintervention, and branch instability were 98.5% (139/141), 99.3% (140/141), 15% (6/40), and 4.9% (7/141), respectively. Four of the 7 cases of branch instability, all requiring an endovascular correction, were secondary to type Ic endoleak. Clinical success was 97.5% as effect of 1 perioperative death. During the follow-up other 6 patients died, contributing to an overall survival rate of 82.5%. The overall rate of aortic-related reinterventions was 20%.

Despite further evaluation is mandatory to determine durability of the VBX in the long-term after B-EVAR, in our experience VBX demonstrated a high flexibility and trackability, excellent stent retention, and outstanding patency over time. A generous distal landing of the bridging stent into the target vessel should be always achieved, whereas possible, to reduce the risk of type Ic endoleak, which seems to be the main cause of branch instability.