Association between dietary inflammatory index and phase angle in university employees: a cross-sectional study

Phase angle (PhA), measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, indicates cellular health, integrity, and function. As inflammation can damage cells, phase angle may be useful in detecting inflammatory status early. The relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and PhA has not been studied yet. Therefore, we aimed to examine this association in Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study included 206 university employees. Dietary intakes were assessed by using a validated 86-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric indices and blood pressure were measured. A short form of the validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used for evaluating physical activity. The PhA was measured by the Body Composition Analyzer Mc780 MA device. The mean age of participants was 43.50 ± 8.82 years and the range of DII score was - 4.66 to 0 among them. The highest tertile of DII compared to the lowest tertile, showed greater weight, WC, HC, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and diastolic blood pressure. We found no significant association between DII and PhA (crude model: OR: 0.68; 95% CI 0.34, 1.33, fully-adjusted model: OR: 0.65; 95% CI 0.26, 1.64). Also, after BMI stratification this association remained (fully-adjusted: normal weight: OR: 0.61; 95% CI 0.11, 3.27; Overweight and obese: OR: 0.57; 95% CI 0.16, 1.98). Having a higher DII score was not associated with a lower PhA. Further well-controlled prospective studies are warranted.