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The correlation between single and mixed trace elements exposure in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case-control
Rong-Gui Huang1, Kai-Di Li1, Hong Wu1
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Summary
Heavy metals like lithium and lead are linked to increased systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) risk, while selenium shows a protective effect. These trace element associations with SLE require further investigation in larger studies.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Immunology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Emerging evidence suggests a link between trace elements and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
- The precise relationship between trace element exposure and SLE pathogenesis remains unclear.
- This study investigates plasma trace element distribution in newly diagnosed SLE patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the distribution of 15 plasma trace elements in SLE patients.
- To analyze the association between single and mixed trace element exposures and SLE.
- To explore essential and toxic element interactions in SLE.
Main Methods:
- Quantification of 15 plasma trace elements using ICP-MS in 110 SLE patients and 110 controls.
- Application of multivariate logistic regression, RCS, WQS regression, qgcomp, and BKMR.
- Analysis of associations between individual elements and element mixtures with SLE.
Main Results:
- Positive correlations found between plasma lithium (Li), vanadium (V), and lead (Pb) and SLE.
- Negative correlations (protective effects) observed for selenium (Se) and barium (Ba).
- Non-linear associations identified for Li, V, Ni, copper, Se, and rubidium with SLE; consistent findings for Li, Pb, and Se across multiple models.
Conclusions:
- Plasma exposure to heavy metals like lithium and lead is significantly associated with increased SLE risk.
- Selenium (Se) may act as a protective factor against SLE.
- Non-linear relationships and complex interactions among trace elements in SLE warrant further research.
