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The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Whole-brain Segmentation and Change-point Analysis of Anatomical Brain MRI—Application in Premanifest Huntington's Disease
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Altered interhemispheric connectivity in Huntington's Disease.

Ali Demir1, H Diana Rosas1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|September 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Huntington's disease (HD) progressively damages interhemispheric connections in the brain, affecting functions like movement. Directional tract density patterns reveal significant fiber density reductions in the corpus callosum of HD patients.

Keywords:
Corpus callosumDiffusion magnetic resonance imagingDirectional tract density patternsHuman subjectsHuntington’s DiseaseInterhemispheric connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology

Background:

  • The corpus callosum facilitates interhemispheric communication, crucial for neurological functions.
  • Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder impacting cognitive, emotional, and motor functions, often linked to disrupted brain connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in interhemispheric connectivity using directional tract density patterns (dTDPs) in individuals with gene-expanded Huntington's disease (HD).
  • To assess if dTDPs can detect progressive alterations in the corpus callosum of presymptomatic and early symptomatic HD subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized directional tract density patterns (dTDPs) to analyze the corpus callosum's structural integrity.
  • Subdivided the corpus callosum using the Hofer-Frahm scheme for regional analysis.
  • Compared dTDPs in gene-expanded presymptomatic and early symptomatic HD cohorts against controls (implied).

Main Results:

  • Identified regionally selective and progressive differences in corpus callosum fiber density in HD cohorts.
  • Observed trends of reduced fiber density in specific corpus callosum regions (IIb, III, IV) in presymptomatic HD.
  • Found significant reductions in fiber density across all corpus callosum regions in early symptomatic HD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Directional tract density patterns (dTDPs) are effective in evaluating individual and progressive changes in interhemispheric connectivity in Huntington's disease (HD).
  • Findings highlight the corpus callosum as a key area affected by HD, even in early stages.