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Causal relationship between insomnia and thyroid disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Zhonghui Li1,2, Zonghang Jia1, Peng Zhou2

  • 1First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.

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This study found no causal link between insomnia and most thyroid disorders. However, thyroid cancer was found to increase the risk of developing insomnia.

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Mendelian randomizationcausal correlationinsomniathyroid disease

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Sleep Science

Background:

  • Previous studies suggest a correlation between thyroid disorders and insomnia, but causality remains uncertain.
  • Investigating the bidirectional causal relationship is crucial for understanding these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the causal relationship between insomnia and five thyroid disorders: hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer.
  • To explore if insomnia leads to thyroid disorders and vice versa.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, including inverse variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger methods.
  • Employed inverse MR analyses to examine the causal effect of thyroid disorders on insomnia.
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness of the findings.

Main Results:

  • Insomnia did not significantly increase the risk for hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, or thyroid nodules.
  • Thyroid cancer was associated with an increased risk of insomnia (OR=1.01, 95%CI: 1.00-1.02, p=0.01).
  • No significant causal relationship was found between the other four thyroid disorders and insomnia.

Conclusions:

  • No bidirectional causal relationship was established between genetically predicted insomnia and hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, or thyroid nodules.
  • Thyroid cancer increases the risk of insomnia, but insomnia does not increase the risk of thyroid cancer.