Rethinking Measures and Mortality Attribution in Health Care: The Diabetes and Endocrinology Example

This study investigated the accuracy of mortality attributions assigned by the US News and World Report (USNWR) to the diabetes and endocrinology specialty. We reviewed medical records of all consecutive Medicare fee-for-service inpatients at Mayo Clinic, Florida (Jacksonville, Florida) with a Medicare Severity Diagnosis Related Group included in the USNWR Diabetes & Endocrinology specialty cohort admitted from November 2018 to April 2022, with documented mortality in our institution's electronic health record within 30 days of the index admission. A clinician adjudicated the primary cause of death, categorizing it as diabetes or endocrine, cancer, failure to thrive, or other. Among 49 deceased patients, only 7 (14.3%) had diabetes or an endocrine-related cause of death. Cancer (49.0%) and failure to thrive (30.6%) were the leading causes. This substantial discrepancy (86% misattribution) suggests USNWR's methodology might not precisely reflect the quality of care, potentially misleading patients and impacting hospital rankings.