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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.3K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
18.3K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

9.5K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
9.5K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

14.0K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
14.0K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

14.2K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
14.2K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

41.7K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
41.7K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

26.2K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
26.2K

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Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Atomically Defined Templates for Epitaxial Growth of Complex Oxide Thin Films
08:49

Atomically Defined Templates for Epitaxial Growth of Complex Oxide Thin Films

Published on: December 4, 2014

14.2K

Two-dimensional crystalline platinum oxide.

Jun Cai1,2, Liyang Wei1, Jian Liu2

  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology & Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.

Nature Materials
|September 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a stable 2D platinum (Pt) oxide, stable up to 1,200 K. This breakthrough challenges previous assumptions about platinum oxide stability at high temperatures, opening new catalytic possibilities.

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Atomically Defined Templates for Epitaxial Growth of Complex Oxide Thin Films
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Platinum (Pt) oxides are crucial catalysts but decompose at high temperatures.
  • This limits their application in high-temperature reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a thermally stable two-dimensional (2D) platinum oxide.
  • To investigate its formation mechanism and potential catalytic applications.

Main Methods:

  • In situ characterization techniques (e.g., microscopy, spectroscopy).
  • Theoretical simulations (e.g., density functional theory).
  • Multiscale observations from atomic to millimetre scale.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a 2D Pt oxide with a unique honeycomb and star-like structure.
  • Demonstration of remarkable thermal stability up to 1,200 K under nitrogen dioxide.
  • Elucidation of the formation mechanism from α-PtO₂.

Conclusions:

  • The discovered 2D Pt oxide challenges the notion that Pt oxides are unstable at high temperatures.
  • Its unique structure provides enhanced thermal stability and distinct electronic properties.
  • This finding expands understanding of Pt oxidation and its high-temperature catalytic potential.