Dynamic Changes Toward Reflective Practice: Documented Shifts in Speech-Language Pathologists' Evaluation Practices

This qualitative study explored the experiences of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in professional learning communities (PLCs) during a year-long virtual professional development (PD) opportunity using an implementation science (IS) framework in an urban public school district for dynamic assessment (DA) training. The DA presented in the PD was modified based on ongoing discussions with key stakeholders in the district, so that it could be reasonably implemented in clinical practice while preserving the integrity of the DA's purpose.

SLPs in an urban district were trained virtually using DA over the course of the school year. PD topics focused on decreasing bias and incorporating evidence-based practice into SLP approaches to speech-language evaluations. The SLPs underwent three training sessions and three separate PLC sessions. The SLPs were assigned a series of case studies to complement PLC sessions. An IS framework informed each step of the PD and PLCs to ensure applicability and integration of the content. Of the 366 SLPs working in the district, 209 consented and filled out two questionnaires and three exit slips to gather information on their experiences with the DAs and PLC models.

SLPs reported new insights into their practice, including changes in assessment practices, awareness of bias in assessment practices, and increased confidence in working with families during the evaluation process. Two additional themes emerged: increased collaboration and enhanced group problem-solving skills when working with peers in PLC groups, and expanded proficiencies and heightened skills when applying DA practices to evaluations. The two challenges faced by SLPs included time constraints and confidence in the mastery of DA.

This study offers an approach to shifting evaluation practices in large districts to incorporate more evidence-based approaches.