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Lignin Down-regulation of Zea mays via dsRNAi and Klason Lignin Analysis
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KRN5b regulates maize kernel row number through mediating phosphoinositol signalling.

Xiaomeng Shen1,2,3, Lei Liu2, Thu Tran4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.

Plant Biotechnology Journal
|September 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new gene, KRN5b, regulates kernel row number in maize by affecting hormone distribution. Its enhanced expression increases ear weight by over 10%, offering a promising target for genetic yield improvement.

Keywords:
inositol polyphosphate 5‐phosphatase (5PTase)kernel row numbermaize

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics and breeding
  • Molecular biology
  • Agricultural science

Background:

  • Kernel row number (KRN) is a crucial trait for maize (Zea mays L.) yield, directly impacting kernel count per plant.
  • Identifying novel genetic factors controlling KRN is essential for accelerating genetic improvements in maize yield.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a new gene, KRN5b, involved in kernel row number formation in maize.
  • To investigate the molecular mechanism and agronomic impact of KRN5b.

Main Methods:

  • Gene identification from KRN QTL qKRN5b.
  • In vitro enzymatic activity assays of the encoded inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (5PTase).
  • Gene knockout experiments and phenotypic analysis.
  • Introgression of high-expression alleles into different maize lines and hybrids.
  • Hormonal analysis and inflorescence development studies.

Main Results:

  • KRN5b encodes a 5PTase with activity towards PI(4,5)P2, PI(3,4,5)P3, and Ins(1,4,5)P3.
  • KRN5b knockout led to PI(4,5)P2 and Ins(1,4,5)P3 accumulation, disordered kernel rows, and reduced kernel number and tassel branches.
  • Introgression of high-expression KRN5b alleles increased ear weight by 10.1%-12.2% through enhanced KRN, without negative effects on other traits.
  • KRN5b regulates inflorescence development by influencing hormone synthesis and distribution.

Conclusions:

  • KRN5b plays a significant role in maize spikelet pair meristem development via inositol phosphate and phosphatidylinositol pathways.
  • KRN5b is a valuable genetic target for enhancing maize yield through breeding programs.